| General information Cyprus |
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| Country: |
Cyprus |
| Top-level domain (ccTLD): |
cy
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| Population: |
788.457 |
| Language: |
Greek, Turkish, English |
| Currency: |
Cypriot pound (CYP) Turkish New lira (YTL) |
| Telephone: |
+357 |
| Area: |
9.250 km2 |
| Flag: |
 |
| Flag explanation: |
white with a copper-colored silhouette of the island (the name Cyprus is derived from the Greek word for copper) above two green crossed olive branches in the center of the flag; the branches symbolize the hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greek and Turkish communities |
| Located: |
 |
| Continent: |
Middle-East |
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is a Eurasian island country situated in the eastern Mediterranean south of Turkey, west of the Levant, north of Egypt, and east-southeast of Greece.
Cyprus is the third-largest island in the Mediterranean and one of the most popular tourist destinations in the Mediterranean, attracting over 2.4 million tourists per year. A former British colony, it gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1960 and became a Commonwealth republic in 1961. The Republic of Cyprus is a developed country and is a member of the European Union since 1 May 2004.
In 1974, following a period of violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots and an attempted Greek Cypriot coup d'état sponsored by the Greek military junta of 1967-1974, Turkey invaded and occupied one-third of the island. This led to the displacement of thousands of Cypriots and the establishment of a separate Turkish Cypriot political entity in the north. This event and its resulting political situation is a matter of ongoing dispute.
The Republic of Cyprus, the internationally recognized state, has de jure sovereignty over 97% of the island of Cyprus and all surrounding waters, and the United Kingdom controls the remaining three percent. The island is de facto partitioned into four main parts:
The area under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus in the south of the island;
The Turkish occupied area in the north, calling itself the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (recognized only by Turkey);
The United Nations-controlled Green Line, separating the two; and
Two Sovereign Base Areas (Akrotiri and Dhekelia), over which the United Kingdom retained jurisdiction after Cypriot independence.
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